https://nou.edu.ng/
90
Performance
94
Accessibility
87
Best Practices
82
SEO
Progressive Web App
90
Performance
94
Accessibility
87
Best Practices
82
SEO
Progressive Web App
0–49 50–89 90–100
90
Performance
Metrics
First Contentful Paint
2.1 s
First Contentful Paint marks the time at which the first text or image is painted. Learn more.
Speed Index
7.6 s
Speed Index shows how quickly the contents of a page are visibly populated. Learn more.
Largest Contentful Paint
2.1 s
Largest Contentful Paint marks the time at which the largest text or image is painted. Learn more
Time to Interactive
2.1 s
Time to interactive is the amount of time it takes for the page to become fully interactive. Learn more.
Total Blocking Time
0 ms
Sum of all time periods between FCP and Time to Interactive, when task length exceeded 50ms, expressed in milliseconds. Learn more.
Cumulative Layout Shift
0
Cumulative Layout Shift measures the movement of visible elements within the viewport. Learn more.
Values are estimated and may vary. The performance score is calculated directly from these metrics.See calculator.
Screenshot
Screenshot
Screenshot
Screenshot
Screenshot
Screenshot
Screenshot
Screenshot
Screenshot
Screenshot
Show audits relevant to:
OpportunitiesThese suggestions can help your page load faster. They don't directly affect the Performance score.
Opportunity
Estimated Savings
Properly size images
2.72 s
Serve images that are appropriately-sized to save cellular data and improve load time. Learn more.
DrupalEnsure that you are using the native Responsive Image Styles provided from Drupal (available in Drupal 8 and above). Use the Responsive Image Styles when rendering image fields through view modes, views, or images uploaded through the WYSIWYG editor.
URL
Resource Size
Potential Savings
…inline-images/Logo3_0.png
(nou.edu.ng)
194.3 KiB
180.6 KiB
…slideshows/gardstudents.jpg
(nou.edu.ng)
156.7 KiB
120.6 KiB
…slideshows/studgroup.jpg
(nou.edu.ng)
127.1 KiB
101.4 KiB
…slideshows/nounexams.jpg
(nou.edu.ng)
85.0 KiB
65.6 KiB
…slideshows/nounbanner3.jpg
(nou.edu.ng)
63.3 KiB
49.8 KiB
Serve images in next-gen formats
2.11 s
Image formats like WebP and AVIF often provide better compression than PNG or JPEG, which means faster downloads and less data consumption. Learn more.
DrupalConsider installing and configuring a module to leverage WebP image formats in your site. Such modules automatically generate a WebP version of your uploaded images to optimize loading times.
URL
Resource Size
Potential Savings
…inline-images/Logo3_0.png
(nou.edu.ng)
194.3 KiB
142.5 KiB
…slideshows/gardstudents.jpg
(nou.edu.ng)
156.7 KiB
90.4 KiB
…slideshows/studgroup.jpg
(nou.edu.ng)
127.1 KiB
75.2 KiB
…slideshows/nounexams.jpg
(nou.edu.ng)
85.0 KiB
53.8 KiB
…slideshows/nounbanner3.jpg
(nou.edu.ng)
63.3 KiB
27.7 KiB
…files/New%20NOUN%20Logo2%20113_0.jpg
(nou.edu.ng)
17.6 KiB
14.8 KiB
…inline-images/servicom%20logo.png
(nou.edu.ng)
14.9 KiB
8.3 KiB
Eliminate render-blocking resources
0.88 s
Resources are blocking the first paint of your page. Consider delivering critical JS/CSS inline and deferring all non-critical JS/styles. Learn more.FCPLCP
DrupalConsider using a module to inline critical CSS and JavaScript, or potentially load assets asynchronously via JavaScript such as the Advanced CSS/JS Aggregation module. Beware that optimizations provided by this module may break your site, so you will likely need to make code changes.
URL
Transfer Size
Potential Savings
…css/font-awesome.min.css
(maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com)
6.6 KiB
960 ms
…css/css_xMmp1….css?qzfdj8
(nou.edu.ng)
3.3 KiB
150 ms
…css/css_Znso0….css?qzfdj8
(nou.edu.ng)
6.7 KiB
150 ms
Efficiently encode images
0.45 s
Optimized images load faster and consume less cellular data. Learn more.
DrupalConsider using a module that automatically optimizes and reduces the size of images uploaded through the site while retaining quality. Also, ensure you are using the native Responsive Image Styles provided from Drupal (available in Drupal 8 and above) for all images rendered on the site.
URL
Resource Size
Potential Savings
…slideshows/gardstudents.jpg
(nou.edu.ng)
156.7 KiB
24.2 KiB
…slideshows/studgroup.jpg
(nou.edu.ng)
127.1 KiB
16.3 KiB
…files/New%20NOUN%20Logo2%20113_0.jpg
(nou.edu.ng)
17.6 KiB
11.5 KiB
…slideshows/nounexams.jpg
(nou.edu.ng)
85.0 KiB
11.3 KiB
DiagnosticsMore information about the performance of your application. These numbers don't directly affect the Performance score.
Ensure text remains visible during webfont load
Leverage the font-display CSS feature to ensure text is user-visible while webfonts are loading. Learn more.FCPLCP
DrupalSpecify `@font-display` when defining custom fonts in your theme.
URL
Potential Savings
…fonts/fontawesome-webfont.woff2?v=4.5.0
(maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com)
850 ms
Image elements do not have explicit width and height
Set an explicit width and height on image elements to reduce layout shifts and improve CLS. Learn moreCLS
URL
Failing Elements
…files/New%20NOUN%20Logo2%20113_0.jpg
(nou.edu.ng)
National Open University of Nigeria
<img src="/sites/default/files/New%20NOUN%20Logo2%20113_0.jpg" alt="National Open University of Nigeria">
…inline-images/register_now.jpg
(nou.edu.ng)
register_now
<img alt="register_now" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="6a6ae570-16fe-4ba3-8204-a6189090a4ae" src="/sites/default/files/inline-images/register_now.jpg">
…inline-images/apply_now.jpg
(nou.edu.ng)
Apply NOW
<img alt="Apply NOW" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="a5b562b7-6d99-4520-9f3d-109cb5d76976" src="/sites/default/files/inline-images/apply_now.jpg">
Avoid chaining critical requests 6 chains found
The Critical Request Chains below show you what resources are loaded with a high priority. Consider reducing the length of chains, reducing the download size of resources, or deferring the download of unnecessary resources to improve page load. Learn more.FCPLCP
Maximum critical path latency: 5,350 ms
Initial Navigation
https://nou.edu.ng
…css/css_c8uKr….css?qzfdj8
(nou.edu.ng)
- 240 ms, 2.52 KiB
…css/font-awesome.min.css
(maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com)
…fonts/fontawesome-webfont.woff2?v=4.5.0
(maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com)
- 850 ms, 65.73 KiB
…css/css_xMmp1….css?qzfdj8
(nou.edu.ng)
- 260 ms, 3.26 KiB
…css/css_Znso0….css?qzfdj8
(nou.edu.ng)
- 270 ms, 6.67 KiB
…js/js_Qde5XJ….js
(nou.edu.ng)
- 460 ms, 36.35 KiB
…js/popup.js?v=1.x
(nou.edu.ng)
- 480 ms, 1.69 KiB
Keep request counts low and transfer sizes small 26 requests • 863 KiB
To set budgets for the quantity and size of page resources, add a budget.json file. Learn more.
Resource Type
Requests
Transfer Size
Total
26
863.1 KiB
Image
17
730.4 KiB
Font
1
65.7 KiB
Script
2
38.0 KiB
Stylesheet
4
19.1 KiB
Document
1
9.4 KiB
Other
1
0.4 KiB
Media
0
0.0 KiB
Third-party
2
72.4 KiB
Largest Contentful Paint element 1 element found
This is the largest contentful element painted within the viewport. Learn MoreLCP
Element
Banner1
<img src="themes/danland/images/slideshows/Banner1.jpeg" width="100%" height="100%" alt="Banner1" style="position: absolute; top: 0px; z-index: 5; opacity: 1;">
Avoid long main-thread tasks 2 long tasks found
Lists the longest tasks on the main thread, useful for identifying worst contributors to input delay. Learn moreTBT
URL
Start Time
Duration
…js/js_Qde5XJ….js
(nou.edu.ng)
1,786 ms
180 ms
https://nou.edu.ng
1,203 ms
59 ms
Passed audits (29)
Defer offscreen images
Consider lazy-loading offscreen and hidden images after all critical resources have finished loading to lower time to interactive. Learn more.
DrupalInstall a Drupal module that can lazy load images. Such modules provide the ability to defer any offscreen images to improve performance.
Minify CSS
Minifying CSS files can reduce network payload sizes. Learn more.FCPLCP
DrupalEnsure you have enabled "Aggregate CSS files" in the "Administration » Configuration » Development" page. You can also configure more advanced aggregation options through additional modules to speed up your site by concatenating, minifying, and compressing your CSS styles.
Minify JavaScript
Minifying JavaScript files can reduce payload sizes and script parse time. Learn more.FCPLCP
DrupalEnsure you have enabled "Aggregate JavaScript files" in the "Administration » Configuration » Development" page. You can also configure more advanced aggregation options through additional modules to speed up your site by concatenating, minifying, and compressing your JavaScript assets.
Reduce unused CSS
Reduce unused rules from stylesheets and defer CSS not used for above-the-fold content to decrease bytes consumed by network activity. Learn more.FCPLCP
DrupalConsider removing unused CSS rules and only attach the needed Drupal libraries to the relevant page or component in a page. See the Drupal documentation link for details. To identify attached libraries that are adding extraneous CSS, try running code coverage in Chrome DevTools. You can identify the theme/module responsible from the URL of the stylesheet when CSS aggregation is disabled in your Drupal site. Look out for themes/modules that have many stylesheets in the list which have a lot of red in code coverage. A theme/module should only enqueue a stylesheet if it is actually used on the page.
Reduce unused JavaScript
Reduce unused JavaScript and defer loading scripts until they are required to decrease bytes consumed by network activity. Learn more.LCP
DrupalConsider removing unused JavaScript assets and only attach the needed Drupal libraries to the relevant page or component in a page. See the Drupal documentation link for details. To identify attached libraries that are adding extraneous JavaScript, try running code coverage in Chrome DevTools. You can identify the theme/module responsible from the URL of the script when JavaScript aggregation is disabled in your Drupal site. Look out for themes/modules that have many scripts in the list which have a lot of red in code coverage. A theme/module should only enqueue a script if it is actually used on the page.
Enable text compression
Text-based resources should be served with compression (gzip, deflate or brotli) to minimize total network bytes. Learn more.FCPLCP
Preconnect to required origins
Consider adding `preconnect` or `dns-prefetch` resource hints to establish early connections to important third-party origins. Learn more.FCPLCP
DrupalPreconnect or dns-prefetch resource hints can be added by installing and configuring a module that provides facilities for user agent resource hints.
Initial server response time was short Root document took 430 ms
Keep the server response time for the main document short because all other requests depend on it. Learn more.FCPLCP
DrupalThemes, modules, and server specifications all contribute to server response time. Consider finding a more optimized theme, carefully selecting an optimization module, and/or upgrading your server. Your hosting servers should make use of PHP opcode caching, memory-caching to reduce database query times such as Redis or Memcached, as well as optimized application logic to prepare pages faster.
URL
Time Spent
https://nou.edu.ng
430 ms
Avoid multiple page redirects
Redirects introduce additional delays before the page can be loaded. Learn more.FCPLCP
Preload key requests
Consider using `<link rel=preload>` to prioritize fetching resources that are currently requested later in page load. Learn more.FCPLCP
Use HTTP/2
HTTP/2 offers many benefits over HTTP/1.1, including binary headers and multiplexing. Learn more.
Use video formats for animated content
Large GIFs are inefficient for delivering animated content. Consider using MPEG4/WebM videos for animations and PNG/WebP for static images instead of GIF to save network bytes. Learn moreLCP
DrupalConsider uploading your GIF to a service which will make it available to embed as an HTML5 video.
Remove duplicate modules in JavaScript bundles
Remove large, duplicate JavaScript modules from bundles to reduce unnecessary bytes consumed by network activity. TBT
Avoid serving legacy JavaScript to modern browsers
Polyfills and transforms enable legacy browsers to use new JavaScript features. However, many aren't necessary for modern browsers. For your bundled JavaScript, adopt a modern script deployment strategy using module/nomodule feature detection to reduce the amount of code shipped to modern browsers, while retaining support for legacy browsers. Learn MoreTBT
Preload Largest Contentful Paint image
Preload the image used by the LCP element in order to improve your LCP time. Learn more.LCP
Avoids enormous network payloads Total size was 863 KiB
Large network payloads cost users real money and are highly correlated with long load times. Learn more.LCP
DrupalConsider using Responsive Image Styles to reduce the size of images loaded on your page. If you are using Views to show multiple content items on a page, consider implementing pagination to limit the number of content items shown on a given page.
URL
Transfer Size
…inline-images/Logo3_0.png
(nou.edu.ng)
194.8 KiB
…slideshows/gardstudents.jpg
(nou.edu.ng)
157.1 KiB
…slideshows/studgroup.jpg
(nou.edu.ng)
127.5 KiB
…slideshows/nounexams.jpg
(nou.edu.ng)
85.3 KiB
…fonts/fontawesome-webfont.woff2?v=4.5.0
(maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com)
65.7 KiB
…slideshows/nounbanner3.jpg
(nou.edu.ng)
63.6 KiB
…slideshows/Banner1.jpeg
(nou.edu.ng)
37.1 KiB
…js/js_Qde5XJ….js
(nou.edu.ng)
36.3 KiB
…files/New%20NOUN%20Logo2%20113_0.jpg
(nou.edu.ng)
17.8 KiB
…inline-images/servicom%20logo.png
(nou.edu.ng)
15.1 KiB
Uses efficient cache policy on static assets 0 resources found
A long cache lifetime can speed up repeat visits to your page. Learn more.
DrupalSet the "Browser and proxy cache maximum age" in the "Administration » Configuration » Development" page. Read about Drupal cache and optimizing for performance.
Avoids an excessive DOM size 756 elements
A large DOM will increase memory usage, cause longer style calculations, and produce costly layout reflows. Learn more.TBT
Statistic
Element
Value
Total DOM Elements
756
Maximum DOM Depth
about 2021_1 APPROVED GRADUATION LIST BATCH2
<span class="visually-hidden">
23
Maximum Child Elements
National Open University of Nigeria Learn At Any Place At Your Pace Search Main…
<div id="layout-type-1">
13
User Timing marks and measures
Consider instrumenting your app with the User Timing API to measure your app's real-world performance during key user experiences. Learn more.
JavaScript execution time 0.2 s
Consider reducing the time spent parsing, compiling, and executing JS. You may find delivering smaller JS payloads helps with this. Learn more.TBT
URL
Total CPU Time
Script Evaluation
Script Parse
https://nou.edu.ng
384 ms
9 ms
3 ms
…js/js_Qde5XJ….js
(nou.edu.ng)
264 ms
174 ms
8 ms
Unattributable
225 ms
20 ms
1 ms
Minimizes main-thread work 0.9 s
Consider reducing the time spent parsing, compiling and executing JS. You may find delivering smaller JS payloads helps with this. Learn moreTBT
Category
Time Spent
Other
338 ms
Style & Layout
248 ms
Script Evaluation
203 ms
Rendering
61 ms
Parse HTML & CSS
57 ms
Script Parsing & Compilation
12 ms
Minimize third-party usage Third-party code blocked the main thread for 0 ms
Third-party code can significantly impact load performance. Limit the number of redundant third-party providers and try to load third-party code after your page has primarily finished loading. Learn more.TBT
Third-Party
Transfer Size
Main-Thread Blocking Time
Bootstrap CDN
72 KiB
0 ms
…fonts/fontawesome-webfont.woff2?v=4.5.0
(maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com)
66 KiB
0 ms
…css/font-awesome.min.css
(maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com)
7 KiB
0 ms
Lazy load third-party resources with facades
Some third-party embeds can be lazy loaded. Consider replacing them with a facade until they are required. Learn more.TBT
Largest Contentful Paint image was not lazily loaded
Above-the-fold images that are lazily loaded render later in the page lifecycle, which can delay the largest contentful paint. Learn more.
Element
Banner1
<img src="themes/danland/images/slideshows/Banner1.jpeg" width="100%" height="100%" alt="Banner1" style="position: absolute; top: 0px; z-index: 5; opacity: 1;">
Avoid large layout shifts
These DOM elements contribute most to the CLS of the page.CLS
Uses passive listeners to improve scrolling performance
Consider marking your touch and wheel event listeners as `passive` to improve your page's scroll performance. Learn more.
Avoids document.write()
For users on slow connections, external scripts dynamically injected via `document.write()` can delay page load by tens of seconds. Learn more.
Avoid non-composited animations
Animations which are not composited can be janky and increase CLS. Learn moreCLS
Has a <meta name="viewport"> tag with width or initial-scale
A `<meta name="viewport">` not only optimizes your app for mobile screen sizes, but also prevents a 300 millisecond delay to user input. Learn more.TBT
94
Accessibility
These checks highlight opportunities to improve the accessibility of your web app. Only a subset of accessibility issues can be automatically detected so manual testing is also encouraged.
ContrastThese are opportunities to improve the legibility of your content.
Background and foreground colors do not have a sufficient contrast ratio.
Low-contrast text is difficult or impossible for many users to read. Learn more.
Failing Elements
Programmes
<a href="/index.php/programmes" data-drupal-link-system-path="programmes">
eCourseware
<a href="/index.php/courseware" data-drupal-link-system-path="courseware">
Principal Officers
<a href="/index.php/principal-officers" data-drupal-link-system-path="principal-officers">
Directorates & Units
<a href="/index.php/directorates-and-units-view" data-drupal-link-system-path="directorates-and-units-view">
Study Centres
<a href="/index.php/study-centres-view" data-drupal-link-system-path="study-centres-view">
Apply for Admission
<a href="/index.php/page/how-to-apply" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1961">
Student Registration
<a href="/index.php/page/registration-procedure" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2066">
Graduate Exit Survey
<a href="https://graduateexitsurvey.nou.edu.ng/">
NYSC Exclusion Letter Registration Procedure
<a href="/index.php/article/nysc-exclusion-letter-registration-procedure" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/7927">
Postgraduate Transcript Application
<a href="/index.php/article/postgraduate-transcript-application-guidelines" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/6283">
Students' Handbooks
<a href="/index.php/handbooks" data-drupal-link-system-path="handbooks">
Undergraduate Transcript Application Guidelines
<a href="/index.php/article/undergraduate-transcript-application-guidelines" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/7784">
Recent content
<a href="/index.php/activity" data-drupal-link-system-path="activity">
NOUonline
<a href="http://nouonline.net">
NOUN News
<a href="https://nounnews.org/">
NOUN Academics
<a href="http://www.nounacademics.net/">
NOUN CE&GS
<a href="https://mylearningspace.nouedu2.net/">
NOUN Facilitators
<a href="http://facilitators.nounacademics.net">
NJPLS
<a href="http://njpls.nou.edu.ng/">
SERVICOM
<a href="https://servicom.nou.edu.ng/">
OOCAS
<a href="https://oocas.nouedu2.net/">
About the University
<a href="/index.php/page/university-you-0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1827">
Study Centres
<a href="/index.php/study-centres-view" data-drupal-link-system-path="study-centres-view">
Study with us
<a href="/index.php/page/study-us" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/13">
Programmes
<a href="/index.php/programmes" data-drupal-link-system-path="programmes">
Announcements
<a href="/index.php/announcements-view" data-drupal-link-system-path="announcements-view">
News and events
<a href="/index.php/noun-news" data-drupal-link-system-path="noun-news">
e-Courseware
<a href="/index.php/courseware" data-drupal-link-system-path="courseware">
Facebook
<a href="https://www.facebook.com/OpenUniversityNigeria">
Twitter
<a href="https://www.twitter.com/noun_media?lang=en">
E-Mail
<a href="mailto:centralinfo@noun.edu.ng">
Google+
<a href="https://plus.google.com/">
Youtube
<a href="http://www.youtube.com/">
LinkedIn
<a href="http://www.linkedin.com/">
Study Centre
<a href="/study-centres-view">
Log in
<a href="/index.php/user/login" data-drupal-link-system-path="user/login">
NavigationThese are opportunities to improve keyboard navigation in your application.
Heading elements are not in a sequentially-descending order
Properly ordered headings that do not skip levels convey the semantic structure of the page, making it easier to navigate and understand when using assistive technologies. Learn more.
Failing Elements
Pagination
<h4 id="pagination-heading" class="visually-hidden">
Pagination
<h4 id="pagination-heading--2" class="visually-hidden">
Pagination
<h4 class="pager__heading visually-hidden">
Names and labelsThese are opportunities to improve the semantics of the controls in your application. This may enhance the experience for users of assistive technology, like a screen reader.
Links do not have a discernible name
Link text (and alternate text for images, when used as links) that is discernible, unique, and focusable improves the navigation experience for screen reader users. Learn more.
Failing Elements
<a href="https://www.facebook.com/OpenUniversityNigeria">
<a href="https://www.twitter.com/noun_media?lang=en">
<a href="mailto:centralinfo@noun.edu.ng">
<a href="https://plus.google.com/">
<a href="http://www.youtube.com/">
<a href="http://www.linkedin.com/">
Additional items to manually check (10) These items address areas which an automated testing tool cannot cover. Learn more in our guide on conducting an accessibility review.
The page has a logical tab order
Tabbing through the page follows the visual layout. Users cannot focus elements that are offscreen. Learn more.
Interactive controls are keyboard focusable
Custom interactive controls are keyboard focusable and display a focus indicator. Learn more.
Interactive elements indicate their purpose and state
Interactive elements, such as links and buttons, should indicate their state and be distinguishable from non-interactive elements. Learn more.
The user's focus is directed to new content added to the page
If new content, such as a dialog, is added to the page, the user's focus is directed to it. Learn more.
User focus is not accidentally trapped in a region
A user can tab into and out of any control or region without accidentally trapping their focus. Learn more.
Custom controls have associated labels
Custom interactive controls have associated labels, provided by aria-label or aria-labelledby. Learn more.
Custom controls have ARIA roles
Custom interactive controls have appropriate ARIA roles. Learn more.
Visual order on the page follows DOM order
DOM order matches the visual order, improving navigation for assistive technology. Learn more.
Offscreen content is hidden from assistive technology
Offscreen content is hidden with display: none or aria-hidden=true. Learn more.
HTML5 landmark elements are used to improve navigation
Landmark elements (<main>, <nav>, etc.) are used to improve the keyboard navigation of the page for assistive technology. Learn more.
Passed audits (18)
[aria-*] attributes match their roles
Each ARIA `role` supports a specific subset of `aria-*` attributes. Mismatching these invalidates the `aria-*` attributes. Learn more.
[aria-hidden="true"] is not present on the document <body>
Assistive technologies, like screen readers, work inconsistently when `aria-hidden="true"` is set on the document `<body>`. Learn more.
[aria-hidden="true"] elements do not contain focusable descendents
Focusable descendents within an `[aria-hidden="true"]` element prevent those interactive elements from being available to users of assistive technologies like screen readers. Learn more.
[role]s have all required [aria-*] attributes
Some ARIA roles have required attributes that describe the state of the element to screen readers. Learn more.
[role] values are valid
ARIA roles must have valid values in order to perform their intended accessibility functions. Learn more.
[aria-*] attributes have valid values
Assistive technologies, like screen readers, can't interpret ARIA attributes with invalid values. Learn more.
[aria-*] attributes are valid and not misspelled
Assistive technologies, like screen readers, can't interpret ARIA attributes with invalid names. Learn more.
The page contains a heading, skip link, or landmark region
Adding ways to bypass repetitive content lets keyboard users navigate the page more efficiently. Learn more.
Document has a <title> element
The title gives screen reader users an overview of the page, and search engine users rely on it heavily to determine if a page is relevant to their search. Learn more.
[id] attributes on active, focusable elements are unique
All focusable elements must have a unique `id` to ensure that they're visible to assistive technologies. Learn more.
ARIA IDs are unique
The value of an ARIA ID must be unique to prevent other instances from being overlooked by assistive technologies. Learn more.
<html> element has a [lang] attribute
If a page doesn't specify a lang attribute, a screen reader assumes that the page is in the default language that the user chose when setting up the screen reader. If the page isn't actually in the default language, then the screen reader might not announce the page's text correctly. Learn more.
<html> element has a valid value for its [lang] attribute
Specifying a valid BCP 47 language helps screen readers announce text properly. Learn more.
Image elements have [alt] attributes
Informative elements should aim for short, descriptive alternate text. Decorative elements can be ignored with an empty alt attribute. Learn more.
Form elements have associated labels
Labels ensure that form controls are announced properly by assistive technologies, like screen readers. Learn more.
Lists contain only <li> elements and script supporting elements (<script> and <template>).
Screen readers have a specific way of announcing lists. Ensuring proper list structure aids screen reader output. Learn more.
List items (<li>) are contained within <ul> or <ol> parent elements
Screen readers require list items (`<li>`) to be contained within a parent `<ul>` or `<ol>` to be announced properly. Learn more.
[user-scalable="no"] is not used in the <meta name="viewport"> element and the [maximum-scale] attribute is not less than 5.
Disabling zooming is problematic for users with low vision who rely on screen magnification to properly see the contents of a web page. Learn more.
Not applicable (23)
[accesskey] values are unique
Access keys let users quickly focus a part of the page. For proper navigation, each access key must be unique. Learn more.
button, link, and menuitem elements have accessible names
When an element doesn't have an accessible name, screen readers announce it with a generic name, making it unusable for users who rely on screen readers. Learn more.
ARIA input fields have accessible names
When an input field doesn't have an accessible name, screen readers announce it with a generic name, making it unusable for users who rely on screen readers. Learn more.
ARIA meter elements have accessible names
When an element doesn't have an accessible name, screen readers announce it with a generic name, making it unusable for users who rely on screen readers. Learn more.
ARIA progressbar elements have accessible names
When a `progressbar` element doesn't have an accessible name, screen readers announce it with a generic name, making it unusable for users who rely on screen readers. Learn more.
Elements with an ARIA [role] that require children to contain a specific [role] have all required children.
Some ARIA parent roles must contain specific child roles to perform their intended accessibility functions. Learn more.
[role]s are contained by their required parent element
Some ARIA child roles must be contained by specific parent roles to properly perform their intended accessibility functions. Learn more.
ARIA toggle fields have accessible names
When a toggle field doesn't have an accessible name, screen readers announce it with a generic name, making it unusable for users who rely on screen readers. Learn more.
ARIA tooltip elements have accessible names
When an element doesn't have an accessible name, screen readers announce it with a generic name, making it unusable for users who rely on screen readers. Learn more.
ARIA treeitem elements have accessible names
When an element doesn't have an accessible name, screen readers announce it with a generic name, making it unusable for users who rely on screen readers. Learn more.
Buttons have an accessible name
When a button doesn't have an accessible name, screen readers announce it as "button", making it unusable for users who rely on screen readers. Learn more.
<dl>'s contain only properly-ordered <dt> and <dd> groups, <script>, <template> or <div> elements.
When definition lists are not properly marked up, screen readers may produce confusing or inaccurate output. Learn more.
Definition list items are wrapped in <dl> elements
Definition list items (`<dt>` and `<dd>`) must be wrapped in a parent `<dl>` element to ensure that screen readers can properly announce them. Learn more.
No form fields have multiple labels
Form fields with multiple labels can be confusingly announced by assistive technologies like screen readers which use either the first, the last, or all of the labels. Learn more.
<frame> or <iframe> elements have a title
Screen reader users rely on frame titles to describe the contents of frames. Learn more.
<input type="image"> elements have [alt] text
When an image is being used as an `<input>` button, providing alternative text can help screen reader users understand the purpose of the button. Learn more.
The document does not use <meta http-equiv="refresh">
Users do not expect a page to refresh automatically, and doing so will move focus back to the top of the page. This may create a frustrating or confusing experience. Learn more.
<object> elements have [alt] text
Screen readers cannot translate non-text content. Adding alt text to `<object>` elements helps screen readers convey meaning to users. Learn more.
No element has a [tabindex] value greater than 0
A value greater than 0 implies an explicit navigation ordering. Although technically valid, this often creates frustrating experiences for users who rely on assistive technologies. Learn more.
Cells in a <table> element that use the [headers] attribute refer to table cells within the same table.
Screen readers have features to make navigating tables easier. Ensuring `<td>` cells using the `[headers]` attribute only refer to other cells in the same table may improve the experience for screen reader users. Learn more.
<th> elements and elements with [role="columnheader"/"rowheader"] have data cells they describe.
Screen readers have features to make navigating tables easier. Ensuring table headers always refer to some set of cells may improve the experience for screen reader users. Learn more.
[lang] attributes have a valid value
Specifying a valid BCP 47 language on elements helps ensure that text is pronounced correctly by a screen reader. Learn more.
<video> elements contain a <track> element with [kind="captions"]
When a video provides a caption it is easier for deaf and hearing impaired users to access its information. Learn more.
87
Best Practices
Trust and Safety
Includes front-end JavaScript libraries with known security vulnerabilities 3 vulnerabilities detected
Some third-party scripts may contain known security vulnerabilities that are easily identified and exploited by attackers. Learn more.
Library Version
Vulnerability Count
Highest Severity
jQuery@3.2.1
3
Medium
Ensure CSP is effective against XSS attacks
A strong Content Security Policy (CSP) significantly reduces the risk of cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks. Learn more
Description
Directive
Severity
No CSP found in enforcement mode
High
User Experience
Displays images with incorrect aspect ratio
Image display dimensions should match natural aspect ratio. Learn more.
URL
Aspect Ratio (Displayed)
Aspect Ratio (Actual)
…slideshows/studgroup.jpg
(nou.edu.ng)
100 x 100 (1.00)
950 x 358 (2.65)
…slideshows/nounbanner3.jpg
(nou.edu.ng)
100 x 100 (1.00)
978 x 332 (2.95)
…slideshows/Banner1.jpeg
(nou.edu.ng)
360 x 200 (1.80)
951 x 336 (2.83)
…slideshows/nounexams.jpg
(nou.edu.ng)
100 x 100 (1.00)
950 x 319 (2.98)
…slideshows/gardstudents.jpg
(nou.edu.ng)
100 x 100 (1.00)
951 x 314 (3.03)
General
Detected JavaScript libraries
All front-end JavaScript libraries detected on the page. Learn more.
Name
Version
jQuery
3.2.1
Drupal
Passed audits (14)
Uses HTTPS
All sites should be protected with HTTPS, even ones that don't handle sensitive data. This includes avoiding mixed content, where some resources are loaded over HTTP despite the initial request being served over HTTPS. HTTPS prevents intruders from tampering with or passively listening in on the communications between your app and your users, and is a prerequisite for HTTP/2 and many new web platform APIs. Learn more.
Links to cross-origin destinations are safe
Add `rel="noopener"` or `rel="noreferrer"` to any external links to improve performance and prevent security vulnerabilities. Learn more.
Avoids requesting the geolocation permission on page load
Users are mistrustful of or confused by sites that request their location without context. Consider tying the request to a user action instead. Learn more.
Avoids requesting the notification permission on page load
Users are mistrustful of or confused by sites that request to send notifications without context. Consider tying the request to user gestures instead. Learn more.
Allows users to paste into password fields
Preventing password pasting undermines good security policy. Learn more.
Serves images with appropriate resolution
Image natural dimensions should be proportional to the display size and the pixel ratio to maximize image clarity. Learn more.
Page has the HTML doctype
Specifying a doctype prevents the browser from switching to quirks-mode. Learn more.
Properly defines charset
A character encoding declaration is required. It can be done with a `<meta>` tag in the first 1024 bytes of the HTML or in the Content-Type HTTP response header. Learn more.
Avoids unload event listeners
The `unload` event does not fire reliably and listening for it can prevent browser optimizations like the Back-Forward Cache. Consider using the `pagehide` or `visibilitychange` events instead. Learn more
Avoids Application Cache
Application Cache is deprecated. Learn more.
Avoids deprecated APIs
Deprecated APIs will eventually be removed from the browser. Learn more.
No browser errors logged to the console
Errors logged to the console indicate unresolved problems. They can come from network request failures and other browser concerns. Learn more
Page has valid source maps
Source maps translate minified code to the original source code. This helps developers debug in production. In addition, Lighthouse is able to provide further insights. Consider deploying source maps to take advantage of these benefits. Learn more.
No issues in the Issues panel in Chrome Devtools
Issues logged to the `Issues` panel in Chrome Devtools indicate unresolved problems. They can come from network request failures, insufficient security controls, and other browser concerns. Open up the Issues panel in Chrome DevTools for more details on each issue.
Not applicable (1)
Fonts with font-display: optional are preloaded
Preload `optional` fonts so first-time visitors may use them. Learn more
82
SEO
These checks ensure that your page is following basic search engine optimization advice. There are many additional factors Lighthouse does not score here that may affect your search ranking, including performance on Core Web Vitals. Learn more.
Content Best PracticesFormat your HTML in a way that enables crawlers to better understand your app’s content.
Document does not have a meta description
Meta descriptions may be included in search results to concisely summarize page content. Learn more.
Crawling and IndexingTo appear in search results, crawlers need access to your app.
Links are not crawlable
Search engines may use `href` attributes on links to crawl websites. Ensure that the `href` attribute of anchor elements links to an appropriate destination, so more pages of the site can be discovered. Learn More
Uncrawlable Link
Abuja Headquarters
<a href="">
Abuja Liaison Office
<a href="">
Lagos Liaison Office
<a href="">
Press releases
<a href="">
Help & Support
<a href="">
div#layout-type-1 > div#wrapper > div#content > a#main-content
<a id="main-content">
X
<a id="popup-message-close">
Mobile FriendlyMake sure your pages are mobile friendly so users don’t have to pinch or zoom in order to read the content pages. Learn more.
Tap targets are not sized appropriately 73% appropriately sized tap targets
Interactive elements like buttons and links should be large enough (48x48px), and have enough space around them, to be easy enough to tap without overlapping onto other elements. Learn more.
Tap Target
Size
Overlapping Target
Page 5
<a href="?page=4">
7x15
Next page Next ›
<a href="?page=1" rel="next">
Page 7
<a href="?page=6">
7x15
Last page Last »
<a href="?page=14">
Page 6
<a href="?page=5">
7x15
Last page Last »
<a href="?page=14">
Page 4
<a href="?page=3">
7x15
Next page Next ›
<a href="?page=1" rel="next">
Programmes
<a href="/index.php/programmes" data-drupal-link-system-path="programmes">
68x13
eCourseware
<a href="/index.php/courseware" data-drupal-link-system-path="courseware">
eCourseware
<a href="/index.php/courseware" data-drupal-link-system-path="courseware">
71x13
Principal Officers
<a href="/index.php/principal-officers" data-drupal-link-system-path="principal-officers">
Principal Officers
<a href="/index.php/principal-officers" data-drupal-link-system-path="principal-officers">
90x13
Directorates & Units
<a href="/index.php/directorates-and-units-view" data-drupal-link-system-path="directorates-and-units-view">
Study Centres
<a href="/index.php/study-centres-view" data-drupal-link-system-path="study-centres-view">
76x13
Directorates & Units
<a href="/index.php/directorates-and-units-view" data-drupal-link-system-path="directorates-and-units-view">
Study Centres
<a href="/index.php/study-centres-view" data-drupal-link-system-path="study-centres-view">
76x13
Apply for Admission
<a href="/index.php/page/how-to-apply" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1961">
Apply for Admission
<a href="/index.php/page/how-to-apply" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1961">
105x13
Student Registration
<a href="/index.php/page/registration-procedure" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2066">
Student Registration
<a href="/index.php/page/registration-procedure" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2066">
108x13
Graduate Exit Survey
<a href="https://graduateexitsurvey.nou.edu.ng/">
Graduate Exit Survey
<a href="https://graduateexitsurvey.nou.edu.ng/">
114x13
NYSC Exclusion Letter Registration Procedure
<a href="/index.php/article/nysc-exclusion-letter-registration-procedure" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/7927">
NYSC Exclusion Letter Registration Procedure
<a href="/index.php/article/nysc-exclusion-letter-registration-procedure" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/7927">
248x13
Postgraduate Transcript Application
<a href="/index.php/article/postgraduate-transcript-application-guidelines" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/6283">
Students' Handbooks
<a href="/index.php/handbooks" data-drupal-link-system-path="handbooks">
113x13
Postgraduate Transcript Application
<a href="/index.php/article/postgraduate-transcript-application-guidelines" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/6283">
Students' Handbooks
<a href="/index.php/handbooks" data-drupal-link-system-path="handbooks">
113x13
Undergraduate Transcript Application Guidelines
<a href="/index.php/article/undergraduate-transcript-application-guidelines" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/7784">
NJPLS
<a href="http://njpls.nou.edu.ng/">
41x15
NOUN Facilitators
<a href="http://facilitators.nounacademics.net">
NJPLS
<a href="http://njpls.nou.edu.ng/">
41x15
SERVICOM
<a href="https://servicom.nou.edu.ng/">
NOUonline
<a href="http://nouonline.net">
65x15
NOUN News
<a href="https://nounnews.org/">
NOUN News
<a href="https://nounnews.org/">
76x15
NOUN Academics
<a href="http://www.nounacademics.net/">
NOUN Academics
<a href="http://www.nounacademics.net/">
108x15
NOUN CE&GS
<a href="https://mylearningspace.nouedu2.net/">
NOUN CE&GS
<a href="https://mylearningspace.nouedu2.net/">
90x15
NOUN Facilitators
<a href="http://facilitators.nounacademics.net">
OOCAS
<a href="https://oocas.nouedu2.net/">
48x15
SERVICOM
<a href="https://servicom.nou.edu.ng/">
About the University
<a href="/index.php/page/university-you-0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1827">
120x15
Study Centres
<a href="/index.php/study-centres-view" data-drupal-link-system-path="study-centres-view">
Study Centres
<a href="/index.php/study-centres-view" data-drupal-link-system-path="study-centres-view">
85x15
Study with us
<a href="/index.php/page/study-us" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/13">
Study with us
<a href="/index.php/page/study-us" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/13">
79x15
Programmes
<a href="/index.php/programmes" data-drupal-link-system-path="programmes">
Programmes
<a href="/index.php/programmes" data-drupal-link-system-path="programmes">
76x15
Announcements
<a href="/index.php/announcements-view" data-drupal-link-system-path="announcements-view">
Announcements
<a href="/index.php/announcements-view" data-drupal-link-system-path="announcements-view">
97x15
News and events
<a href="/index.php/noun-news" data-drupal-link-system-path="noun-news">
News and events
<a href="/index.php/noun-news" data-drupal-link-system-path="noun-news">
103x15
e-Courseware
<a href="/index.php/courseware" data-drupal-link-system-path="courseware">
Page 6
<a href="?page=5">
7x15
Next page Next ›
<a href="?page=1" rel="next">
Additional items to manually check (1) Run these additional validators on your site to check additional SEO best practices.
Structured data is valid
Run the Structured Data Testing Tool and the Structured Data Linter to validate structured data. Learn more.
Passed audits (10)
Has a <meta name="viewport"> tag with width or initial-scale
A `<meta name="viewport">` not only optimizes your app for mobile screen sizes, but also prevents a 300 millisecond delay to user input. Learn more.TBT
Document has a <title> element
The title gives screen reader users an overview of the page, and search engine users rely on it heavily to determine if a page is relevant to their search. Learn more.
Page has successful HTTP status code
Pages with unsuccessful HTTP status codes may not be indexed properly. Learn more.
Links have descriptive text
Descriptive link text helps search engines understand your content. Learn more.
Page isn’t blocked from indexing
Search engines are unable to include your pages in search results if they don't have permission to crawl them. Learn more.
robots.txt is valid
If your robots.txt file is malformed, crawlers may not be able to understand how you want your website to be crawled or indexed. Learn more.
Image elements have [alt] attributes
Informative elements should aim for short, descriptive alternate text. Decorative elements can be ignored with an empty alt attribute. Learn more.
Document has a valid hreflang
hreflang links tell search engines what version of a page they should list in search results for a given language or region. Learn more.
Document uses legible font sizes 100% legible text
Font sizes less than 12px are too small to be legible and require mobile visitors to “pinch to zoom” in order to read. Strive to have >60% of page text ≥12px. Learn more.
Source
Selector
% of Page Text
Font Size
Legible text
100.00%
≥ 12px
 
 
  
   Document avoids plugins   
     
 
  
Search engines can't index plugin content, and many devices restrict plugins or don't support them. Learn more.
 
 
 
  
 
 Not applicable (1)   
      
  
 
  
   Document has a valid rel=canonical   
     
 
  
Canonical links suggest which URL to show in search results. Learn more.
 
 
 
 
                                  
Progressive Web App
 
 
These checks validate the aspects of a Progressive Web App. Learn more.
 
Installable
 
  
   Web app manifest or service worker do not meet the installability requirements 1 reason  
     
 
  
Service worker is the technology that enables your app to use many Progressive Web App features, such as offline, add to homescreen, and push notifications. With proper service worker and manifest implementations, browsers can proactively prompt users to add your app to their homescreen, which can lead to higher engagement. Learn more.
 
 
Failure reason
No manifest was fetched
 
PWA Optimized
 
  
   Does not register a service worker that controls page and start_url   
     
 
  
The service worker is the technology that enables your app to use many Progressive Web App features, such as offline, add to homescreen, and push notifications. Learn more.
 
 
 
 
  
   Redirects HTTP traffic to HTTPS   
     
 
  
If you've already set up HTTPS, make sure that you redirect all HTTP traffic to HTTPS in order to enable secure web features for all your users. Learn more.
 
 
 
 
  
   Is not configured for a custom splash screen
Failures: No manifest was fetched.
   
     
 
  
A themed splash screen ensures a high-quality experience when users launch your app from their homescreens. Learn more.
 
 
 
 
  
   Does not set a theme color for the address bar.
Failures: No manifest was fetched,
No `<meta name="theme-color">` tag found.
   
     
 
  
The browser address bar can be themed to match your site. Learn more.
 
 
 
 
  
   Content is sized correctly for the viewport   
     
 
  
If the width of your app's content doesn't match the width of the viewport, your app might not be optimized for mobile screens. Learn more.
 
 
 
 
  
   Has a <meta name="viewport"> tag with width or initial-scale   
     
 
  
A `<meta name="viewport">` not only optimizes your app for mobile screen sizes, but also prevents a 300 millisecond delay to user input. Learn more.TBT
 
 
 
 
  
   Does not provide a valid apple-touch-icon   
     
 
  
For ideal appearance on iOS when users add a progressive web app to the home screen, define an `apple-touch-icon`. It must point to a non-transparent 192px (or 180px) square PNG. Learn More.
 
 
 
 
  
   Manifest doesn't have a maskable icon
No manifest was fetched
   
     
 
  
A maskable icon ensures that the image fills the entire shape without being letterboxed when installing the app on a device. Learn more.
 
 
 
  
 
 Additional items to manually check (3)   These checks are required by the baseline PWA Checklist but are not automatically checked by Lighthouse. They do not affect your score but it's important that you verify them manually.
      
  
 
  
   Site works cross-browser   
     
 
  
To reach the most number of users, sites should work across every major browser. Learn more.
 
 
 
 
  
   Page transitions don't feel like they block on the network   
     
 
  
Transitions should feel snappy as you tap around, even on a slow network. This experience is key to a user's perception of performance. Learn more.
 
 
 
 
  
   Each page has a URL   
     
 
  
Ensure individual pages are deep linkable via URL and that URLs are unique for the purpose of shareability on social media. Learn more.